SAS Macro quoting functions are used to resolve these ambiguities by masking the significance of special characters so that the macro processor does not misinterpret them.

Macros can automatically generate SAS codes and allow you to make more dynamic and generalized SAS programs. Macros can help to greatly reduce the effort required to read or write repetitive SAS codes.

Macro variables in SAS are used extensively for reusing codes. You can create a multi-usable program in which analysis of variables can be controlled by updating the values of macro variables.
SAS provides an elegant solution to overcome these problems with the CALL SET routine. You can convert data step variables into macro variables with a few lines of code using the %SYSCALL SET routine. This routine also allows you to convert and process one observation of data step variables at a time thus saving memory usage.